giovedì, Dicembre 12, 2024

LA COMPLESSITA’ DELLE TECNOLOGIE DI SORVEGLIANZA

FOCUS

June 2022. By Dahlia Peterson and Samantha Hoffman, Brookings. The increasing sophistication and spread of artificial intelligence (AI) and digital surveillance technologies has drawn concerns over privacy and human rights. China is indisputably one of the leaders in developing these technologies both for domestic and international use. However, other countries that are active in this space include the United States, Israel, Russia, multiple European countries, Japan, and South Korea. U.S. companies are particularly instrumental in providing the underlying hardware for surveillance technologies. Geopolitical implications of AI and digital surveillance adoption

AROUND THE WORLD

Afghanistan 

  • June 21, 2022. By Ghulam Omar Qargha, Brookings. The Taliban government’s decision earlier this year to ban girls from attending secondary school (grades 7-12) sent shock waves across the world. The outcry against this decision has been loudwithin the country and internationallyand has set back hard-gained advances in educational access over the last two decades. While it is clear that Afghans value education, schooling has historically been a source of conflict. The Taliban’s actions were a sordid manifestation of this larger problem. The relationship between schooling and conflict in Afghanistan

Africa

  • June 20, 2022. By Samir Bhattacharya, VIF. Every year on May 25, the world celebrates Africa Day. It was on May 25, 1963, that the first organisational body of Africa, the Organisation of African Unity (OAU), was established in Ethiopia. The organisation was an endeavour to unite the diverse and far-reaching political trends that prevailed in different African nations and beyond. While its ideological root can be traced back to the late nineteenth century Pan-Africanist movement, OAU was a political organisation to reflect the African realities of colonial subjugation and counter any form of foreign oppression. United States of Africa: Ultimate Dream of a Pan-Africanist

Belgium

  • June 22, 2022. By World Nuclear News. In a recent position paper, the Belgian Nuclear Society (BNS) welcomed the political decision to keep two reactors – Doel 4 and Tihange 3 – in operation beyond 2025 because of security of electricity supply concerns. However, it questions why the operation of the units has been limited to just ten years. BNS questions limit to extended operation of Belgian units : Nuclear Policies

Canada

  • June 22, 2022. By World Nuclear News. Lutetium-177 (Lu-177) has been produced using a new isotope production system (IPS) that was installed in unit 7 of the Bruce plant in Ontario, Canada, during a recent planned maintenance outage. It marks the first time the short-lived medical isotope has been produced in a commercial nuclear power reactor. Canadian Candu produces cancer therapy isotope : Corporate

China

  • June 22, 2022. By Rajaram Panda, VIF. China’s relentless drives towards power projection endeavours and to expand its strategic and maritime imprints look unstoppable. In South Asia, the much talked about String of Pearls by building ports in Gwadar in Pakistan, Chittagong in Bangladesh, Colombo in Sri Lanka and Sittwe in Myanmar with the intention to choke India from all fronts is all well known. Its first overseas military base in Djibouti in the Horn of Africa reflects its intentions to protect and secure its overseas economic interests. China is using private military companies to expand its footprint in Africa and secure its Belt and Road Initiative. In last April China entered into a security pact with the Solomon Islands as part of its efforts to expand its strategic and maritime influence in the South Pacific. After Djibouti and (suspected) Military Base in Solomon Islands, China now Eyes Ream Naval Base in Cambodia
  • June 19, 2022. By  Frederick Kempe, Atlantic Council. For Chinese President Xi Jinpingdispatching his special envoy to Europe for a three-week charm tour was just one of many acts of high-stakes damage control ahead of the Twentieth Chinese Communist Party Congress this autumn. President Xi’s damage control focuses on Europe and the Chinese economy

China – Central Asia

  • June 21, 2022. By Pravesh Kumar Gupta, VIF. The third meeting of the Foreign Ministers (FMs) of China and five Central Asian countries within the framework of China+ C5 took place in Nur Sultan on June 8, 2022. Chinese State Councilor and Foreign Minister Wang Yi along with Kazakh Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister Mukhtar Tleuberdi, Turkmen Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister Rashid Meredov, Kyrgyz Foreign Minister Jeenbek Kulubaev, Tajik Transport Minister Azim Ibrohim, and Uzbek acting Foreign Minister Vladimir Norov took part in this meeting. The major agenda of this meeting was regional security and connectivity, both of which are the highest priorities for China in Central Asia. Third C+C5 Meeting: Reinforcing Chinese Influence in Central Asia

Georgia

  • June 21, 2022. By Giorgi Menabde, The Jamestown Foundation. On June 20, approximately 30,000 pro-European Georgians gathered in the capital city of Tbilisi, on Rustaveli Avenue, near the parliament, where every important political event in modern Georgian history had taken place over the last 35 years (Svoboda.org, June 20). Tens of Thousands Rally in Tbilisi to Support European Integration

Germany – Russia

India

Russia – Lithuania

  • June 21, 2022. By Paul Globe, The Jamestown Foundation. Nikolai Patrushev, the secretary of the Russian Security Council, was in Kaliningrad on June 20, where he declared that Moscow was preparing a serious response to what he called Lithuania’s (already three-day-long) “transportation blockade” of that Russian exclave (Ren.tv, June 21). Hours earlier, the Russian Ministry of Foreign Affairs called in the head of the Lithuanian embassy in Moscow to protest what Vilnius had done. Meanwhile, the Kremlin declared Vilnius’ action absolutely impermissible: Lithuania must reverse its stance in the coming days, or Russia will be compelled to respond forcefully (RIA NovostiTASSNew Kaliningrad, June 20). Moscow Threatens to Retaliate for Lithuania’s ‘Blockade of Kaliningrad’

Russia – Ukraine

  • June 22, 2022. By Valerie Insinna, Breaking Defense. Ukrainian fighter pilots expect to speak to US government officials to make the case for the top two technologies needed to repel Russia’s air force: additional ground-based air defense systems and Western fighter jets. US-made jets, air defense on Ukrainian fighter pilots’ wishlist, but not Grey Eagle
  • June 21, 2022. By Sidharth Kaushal and Sam Cranny-Evans, RUSI. Russia’s nonstrategic nuclear weapons are designed to achieve deterrence and military success against a technologically superior opponent. They are unlikely to be deployed in Ukraine. Russia’s Nonstrategic Nuclear Weapons and Its Views of Limited Nuclear War
  • June 21, 2022. By Pavel K. Baev, The Jamestown Foundation. The West’s fears of humiliating Russia too much by ensuring its defeat in the war against Ukraine run much more deeply than the unfortunate turn of phrase uttered in recent weeks by French President Emmanuel Macron (see EDM, June 13). Last Thursday (June 16), Macron traveled to Kyiv, together with German Chancellor Olaf Scholz, Italian Prime Minister Mario Draghi and Romanian President Klaus Iohannis, and delivered a vivacious speech, though this time never mentioning the controversial H-word (Novaya Gazeta, June 16). His Ukrainian counterpart, President Volodymyr Zelenskyy, who had taken issue with Macron’s elliptic proposition on stopping the war short of humiliating Russia, declared himself entirely satisfied with the clarifications on full French support for Ukraine’s resolute stance on achieving victory (NV.ua, June 16). The matter of what kind of defeat Russia is capable of accepting without resorting to desperate (a convenient euphemism for nuclear) measures and, accordingly, what kind of victory is feasible for Ukraine, continues, nevertheless, to loom large. How Russia Can Be Defeated but Not Humiliated

Saudi Arabia – Turkey

  • June 22, 2022. By Dorothée Schmid, Julia Kim, IFRI. The leaders of Saudi Arabia and Turkey are turning the page on years of strained relations, exacerbated by the 2018 assassination of Saudi journalist Jamal Khashoggi at the kingdom’s consulate in Istanbul. Face-to-face dialogue is the order of the day between Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman and President Recep Tayyip Erdogan. Saudi Arabia, Turkey Seek to Mend Ties as Crown Prince Visits Ankara

Ukraine

Ukraine – Europe

USA

  • June 22, 2022. By World Nuclear News. A low-carbon future – anchored by the strength and resilience of the current nuclear fleet – is within our grasp if we make the right choices today, Nuclear Energy Institute (NEI) President and CEO Maria Korsnick said in her annual State of the Industry address to the US organisation’s Nuclear Energy Assembly in Washington DC. NEI’s Maria Korsnick charts ‘sea change’ for nuclear : Energy & Environment
  • June 22, 2022. By World Nuclear News. The US space agency NASA has selected three design concepts for a 40KW nuclear power system designed to last at least 10 years in the lunar environment to help “lay the groundwork for powering our long-term human presence on other worlds”. Nuclear power on the Moon: NASA selects three proposals : New Nuclear

USA – Africa

DEFENSE, MILITARY, SECURITY, CYBER

DIGITAL, TECH

  • June 22, 2022. By Sneha Dawda, RUSI. A ‘moment of reckoning’ is coming for liberal democracies trying to preserve a free, open and multistakeholder internet, according to a senior GCHQ official. Authoritarian states such as China are leading the way in creating a censored and largely state-controlled internet. Competing for the Middle Ground in Internet Governance
  • June 21, 2022. By Samuel Gilbert, IFRI. The “metaverse”, at the heart of the strategy of large digital companies such as Facebook (Meta), does not yet exist and it will take decades to build it. This briefing provides an overview of the issues. The Political Economy of the Metaverse
  • June 20, 2022. By Tom Wheeler, Time, Brookings. The world’s leading neurologists assembled in Seattle earlier this month for a Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications. Sponsors of the event included Google and Reality Labs, a division of Meta Platforms, Inc., the company formerly known as Facebook. In the Metaverse Companies Will Track Your Gaze and Emotions

HORIZONS

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